Rómčina
Jazyk Rómčina je na Dialect Atlas zdokumentovaný v 16 nárečiach vrátane Arli, Caló, Crimean Romani.
Nárečia jazyka Rómčina
- ArliBalkánska rómska varieta široko používaná v Severnom Macedónsku, Kosove, južnom Srbsku a Bulharsku.
- CalóIberian Romani · Zincaló · Caló RomaniThe Iberian para-Romani variety spoken by the Calé (Gitanos) of Spain and, in related forms, Portugal and southern France. A Romani-derived lexicon is embedded in a Castilian (or Catalan/Portuguese) grammatical frame; the older inflected Iberian Romani is no longer spoken. Caló vocabulary has left a marked imprint on Andalusian Spanish and flamenco.
- Crimean RomaniKrymitika Roma · Crimean RomaA Balkan Romani variety spoken by Roma communities of the Crimean peninsula and the northern Black Sea coast, marked by heavy contact influence from Crimean Tatar and other Turkic languages in both lexicon and phonology.
- Finnish KaloKaale · Finnish Kaale · Fíntiko RómmaA Northern Romani variety spoken by the Finnish Kale in Finland and, through twentieth-century migration, in Sweden. It shows heavy structural and phonological influence from Finnish, including consonant gradation, and is one of the most distinctive Northern Romani dialects. Intergenerational transmission has weakened markedly.
- GurbetiBalkánska rómska varieta s komunitami v Bosne, Srbsku a okolitých krajinách.
- KaldérašVlašská rómska varieta s dlhou históriou v Rumunsku a na Balkáne. Tradične spájaná s remeslom kotlárov.
- LovárčinaVlašská rómska varieta so silným maďarským a slovanským vplyvom. Hovorí sa ňou v strednej Európe.
- Poľsko-baltská rómčinaPolska Roma · Xaladitka RomaSeverná rómska varieta historicky zakorenená v Poľsku a v pobaltskom regióne, sformovaná dlhým kontaktom so slovanskými a baltskými jazykmi.
- RomanichalAngloromani · British Romani · Pogadi ChibThe Romani variety of the Romanichal Travellers of England and the wider British Isles. The older inflected dialect is no longer spoken; it survives as Angloromani, a para-Romani register in which a substantial Romani-derived lexicon is embedded in an English grammatical frame. Diaspora communities exist in North America and Australia.
- Ruska RomaRussian Romani · North Russian Romani · Xaladitka RomaA Northern Romani variety spoken by the Ruska Roma across Russia and Ukraine, shaped by long and intensive contact with Russian. It was the basis of a short-lived literary standard developed in the Soviet Union in the 1920s and 1930s and remains one of the more vital Northern Romani dialects.
- ScandoromaniTavringer Romani · Traveller Romani · RommaniA para-Romani variety spoken by Traveller communities in Sweden and Norway, combining a Romani-derived lexicon with a Scandinavian grammatical frame. It descends from the speech of Romani groups present in the region since the sixteenth century and survives today largely as an in-group vocabulary register.
- Sinti-manušSinti · Manush · SintéSeverozápadná varieta romaneš, ktorou hovoria komunity Sintov a Manouche v Nemecku, Francúzsku, Beneluxe a severnom Taliansku. Sformovaná dlhým kontaktom s germánskymi a románskymi jazykmi.
- Slovenská rómčinaCentral Slovak Romani · Servika RomaStredoeurópska varieta romaneš, ktorou hovoria rómske komunity na Slovensku, so slovnou zásobou silne ovplyvnenou kontaktom so slovenčinou, maďarčinou a susediacimi jazykmi.
- UrsariUrsaritska · RićhinariA Balkan Romani variety spoken in Romania and Moldova, traditionally associated with the Ursari, the Roma groups historically known as bear-leaders. It is grouped with the Balkan dialects rather than the surrounding Vlax varieties and shows substantial Romanian contact influence.
- Welsh RomaniKååle · Welsh KaleThe inflected Northern Romani variety historically spoken by the Kååle of Wales. It was extensively documented by John Sampson in the early twentieth century and is now extinct as a first language, the last fluent speakers having died in the mid-twentieth century. It is notable as the last conservatively inflected Romani dialect attested in Britain.
- ZargariZargari Romani · Zargari Romanes · Zargar RomaniVeľmi ohrozená rómska varieta, ktorou sa hovorí v dedine Zargar a v jej okolí v provincii Kazvín v severozápadnom Iráne, západne od Teheránu. Komunita bola podľa tradície usadená v safavidovskej dobe a tvorí jednu z najvýchodnejších doložených rómsky hovoriacich populácií; nárečie zachováva rómske lexikálne jadro, ale vykazuje silný kontaktný vplyv perzštiny a azerbajdžanskej turkičtiny vo fonológii, slovnej zásobe a gramatike. Počty hovoriacich sú malé a medzigeneračný prenos výrazne oslabol.
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