Puhutaan Irakissa sekä Itä-Syyrian ja Lounais-Iranin osissa. Kantaa vahvaa aramealaista ja turkkilaista vaikutusta ja jakautuu sisäisesti gilit-muotoihin (eteläiset) ja qeltu-muotoihin (pohjoiset).
The codified supra-regional standard used across the Arab world in education, media, literature, and formal speech. Derived from Classical Arabic, it has no native speakers and no single regional home — it is acquired as a formal register layered above the spoken vernaculars. Cairo, as the historical center of Arabic publishing, broadcasting, and scholarship, serves as its conventional locus.