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Old Prussian dialect

Old Prussian

Also known as: Prussian, Prūsiskan

The only substantially attested West Baltic language, spoken in historical Prussia around the Sambia peninsula — today's Kaliningrad Oblast and north-eastern Poland. Extinct since the early 18th century, after the 1709–1711 plague; attested in three 16th-century catechisms and the Elbing vocabulary, with a modern reconstruction movement.

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Frequently asked questions

What language is Old Prussian?

Old Prussian is a dialect of the Old Prussian language.

Where is Old Prussian spoken?

Old Prussian is primarily spoken in Russia, Poland.

Which region is Old Prussian associated with?

Old Prussian is part of the Europe region on DialectAtlas.

Is Old Prussian known by other names?

Yes — Old Prussian is also referred to as Prussian, Prūsiskan.

Is Old Prussian endangered?

Old Prussian is no longer spoken as a community language and is documented here for historical and linguistic reference.

Nearby dialects

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Baltic Romani

247 km away

A northern Romani variety historically rooted in Poland and the Baltic region, shaped by long contact with Slavic and Baltic languages.

Standard Polish

277 km away

The Warsaw-based standard of Polish. The official language of Poland and the largest Slavic language by speakers within the European Union.

Yiddish

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A High German language with substantial Hebrew, Aramaic, and Slavic vocabulary, written in the Hebrew alphabet. The historical vernacular of Ashkenazi Jewry; now spoken mainly by Hasidic communities in the United States, Israel, and Western Europe.

Livonian

343 km away

A Finnic Uralic language of the Livonian Coast of Courland, Latvia. The last fluent native speaker died in 2013, but an active revival sustains a small community of second-language speakers, supported by the University of Latvia Livonian Institute. Notable for its stød-like broken tone, rare among Uralic languages.

Silesian

503 km away

The Slavic variety of Upper Silesia, often classified as a separate language from Polish. Carries strong contact features from German and Czech.

Standard Danish

515 km away

The Copenhagen-based standard of Danish. A North Germanic language, widely cited for its highly reduced vowels and famously challenging stød (a quasi-tonal feature) for learners.

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Old Prussian — Old Prussian dialect — Dialect Atlas