Home to 4 dialects represented on Dialect Atlas, spanning 4 language families.
A northwestern Iranian language straddling the Iran-Azerbaijan border in the Lankaran region. The largest northern variety is in Azerbaijan; the southern variety in Iran is more conservative.
also: Judeo-Tat, Judeo-Tati, Mountain Jewish, Juhuro, Juwuri
A Southwestern Iranian language of the Mountain Jews of the eastern Caucasus, historically classed as a Judeo-Tat variety. Spoken in Krasnaya Sloboda (Quba) in Azerbaijan and Derbent in Dagestan, with substantial Hebrew, Aramaic, and Azerbaijani influence. Written historically in Hebrew script, then Cyrillic from the Soviet period onward.
also: Azeri, Azerbaijan Turkish
The Oghuz Turkic language of Azerbaijan, centred on Baku. Closely related to Turkish; written in a Latin-based alphabet since the post-Soviet reform.
also: Lezgi
A Northeast Caucasian language of southern Dagestan and northern Azerbaijan. Around 800,000 speakers; one of the most studied Daghestanian languages.