Myanmar

Standard Burmese

also: Yangon Burmese

The Yangon-area variety that forms the basis of standard Burmese. The national lingua franca and the medium of education and broadcasting in Myanmar.

Mandalay Burmese

also: Upper Burmese

The Burmese of Mandalay and Upper Myanmar. Often described as the more conservative variety, especially in pronunciation of historical consonant clusters.

Mon

An Austroasiatic language of Lower Burma and adjacent Thailand. Once the dominant cultural language of mainland Southeast Asia, displaced over centuries by Burmese and Thai expansion.