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Romani-dialekt

Caló

Også kjent som: Iberian Romani, Zincaló, Caló Romani

The Iberian para-Romani variety spoken by the Calé (Gitanos) of Spain and, in related forms, Portugal and southern France. A Romani-derived lexicon is embedded in a Castilian (or Catalan/Portuguese) grammatical frame; the older inflected Iberian Romani is no longer spoken. Caló vocabulary has left a marked imprint on Andalusian Spanish and flamenco.EN

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Hvilket språk er Caló?

Caló er en dialekt av språket Romani.

Hvor snakkes Caló?

Caló snakkes hovedsakelig i Spain, Portugal, Frankrike.

Hvilken region er Caló knyttet til?

Caló hører til regionen Europe på DialectAtlas.

Er Caló kjent under andre navn?

Ja — Caló kalles også Iberian Romani, Zincaló, Caló Romani.

Er Caló truet?

Caló er alvorlig truet. Den snakkes i hovedsak av eldre generasjoner; foreldre kan forstå den, men gir den vanligvis ikke videre til barna sine.

Hvilke andre dialekter av Romani finnes?

Romani omfatter også Lovari, Kalderash, Arli, Gurbeti, Sinte Manouche, Baltic Romani, Central European Romani, Zargari, Romanichal, Welsh Romani, Finnish Kalo, Scandoromani, Ruska Roma, Ursari, Crimean Romani. Hver variant har sitt eget ordforråd, sin uttale og sin kulturelle sammenheng.

Andre Romani-dialekter

Se på atlaset →
Zargari

Zargari Romani · Zargari Romanes · Zargar Romani

En sterkt truet romani-variant som snakkes i og rundt landsbyen Zargar i provinsen Qazvin i nordvestlige Iran, vest for Teheran. Samfunnet skal ifølge tradisjonen ha blitt bosatt i safavidenes tid og er en av de østligste belagte romanitalende populasjonene; dialekten bevarer en leksikalsk romanikjerne, men viser sterk kontaktpåvirkning fra persisk og aserbajdsjansk turkisk i fonologi, ordforråd og grammatikk. Talerne er få og den intergenerasjonelle overføringen er kraftig svekket.

Romanichal

Angloromani · British Romani · Pogadi Chib

The Romani variety of the Romanichal Travellers of England and the wider British Isles. The older inflected dialect is no longer spoken; it survives as Angloromani, a para-Romani register in which a substantial Romani-derived lexicon is embedded in an English grammatical frame. Diaspora communities exist in North America and Australia.EN

Welsh Romani

Kååle · Welsh Kale

The inflected Northern Romani variety historically spoken by the Kååle of Wales. It was extensively documented by John Sampson in the early twentieth century and is now extinct as a first language, the last fluent speakers having died in the mid-twentieth century. It is notable as the last conservatively inflected Romani dialect attested in Britain.EN

Finnish Kalo

Kaale · Finnish Kaale · Fíntiko Rómma

A Northern Romani variety spoken by the Finnish Kale in Finland and, through twentieth-century migration, in Sweden. It shows heavy structural and phonological influence from Finnish, including consonant gradation, and is one of the most distinctive Northern Romani dialects. Intergenerational transmission has weakened markedly.EN

Scandoromani

Tavringer Romani · Traveller Romani · Rommani

A para-Romani variety spoken by Traveller communities in Sweden and Norway, combining a Romani-derived lexicon with a Scandinavian grammatical frame. It descends from the speech of Romani groups present in the region since the sixteenth century and survives today largely as an in-group vocabulary register.EN

Ruska Roma

Russian Romani · North Russian Romani · Xaladitka Roma

A Northern Romani variety spoken by the Ruska Roma across Russia and Ukraine, shaped by long and intensive contact with Russian. It was the basis of a short-lived literary standard developed in the Soviet Union in the 1920s and 1930s and remains one of the more vital Northern Romani dialects.EN

Ursari

Ursaritska · Rićhinari

A Balkan Romani variety spoken in Romania and Moldova, traditionally associated with the Ursari, the Roma groups historically known as bear-leaders. It is grouped with the Balkan dialects rather than the surrounding Vlax varieties and shows substantial Romanian contact influence.EN

Crimean Romani

Krymitika Roma · Crimean Roma

A Balkan Romani variety spoken by Roma communities of the Crimean peninsula and the northern Black Sea coast, marked by heavy contact influence from Crimean Tatar and other Turkic languages in both lexicon and phonology.EN

Caló — Romani-dialekt — Dialect Atlas